Pope Leo XIV, formerly Cardinal Robert Prevost of Chicago, chose his papal name to honor a legacy of strong, socially minded leadership within the Catholic Church. His decision to adopt the name “Leo” aligns him with past popes known for doctrinal clarity and compassion, most notably Leo XIII, who served from 1878 to 1903 and authored the influential encyclical Rerum Novarum—a foundational document in Catholic social teaching.
Leo XIII was revered for defending workers’ rights and emphasizing human dignity in labor, principles Pope Leo XIV is expected to carry forward in his own tenure. Vatican officials say the name choice reflects the new pope’s commitment to building a Church that prioritizes justice, dignity, and open dialogue.
Though popes aren’t required to change their names, none has kept their birth name for over 470 years. Choosing a name tied to a predecessor is a symbolic move that signals which values or leadership style the new pope may emulate. In Pope Leo XIV’s case, it suggests a focus on social responsibility and intellectual guidance.
In his first public remarks from the balcony of St. Peter’s Basilica, Pope Leo called for peace, dialogue, and a Church that welcomes all. “We must try to be a missionary church… open to receive everybody who needs our charity, our presence, and love,” he said, setting the tone for what could be a globally compassionate papacy.
